Why it matters

DSPy patterns raise abstraction. Understanding shapes future prompt design.

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The architecture

Signatures: input/output schemas.

Modules: chain LM calls.

Compilers: optimize prompts from data.

DSPy patternSignatureinput + output typesModuledeclarative programCompilewith data + metricJava has early ports; can call DSPy from Java via service or FFI
DSPy.
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How it works end to end

Declarative: describe what, not how.

Optimizer improves prompts.

Modules: ChainOfThought, ReAct, etc.