Why it matters

Prefect competes with Airflow. Understanding shapes modern DAG.

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The architecture

Flow: Python code.

Tasks: functions or containers.

Java agent as subprocess or container.

Prefect + JavaPython flowcode-definedTask runsubprocess or containerJava agentexternalPrefect 2 hybrid model separates flow definition from run env
Prefect.
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How it works end to end

Dynamic DAGs supported.

Cloud + self-hosted options.

Retries + observability.