Why it matters

Agents are the current frontier of practical AI. Understanding them shapes what your apps can do.

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The architecture

Core loop: observe state → reason about next action → act (call tool) → observe result → repeat.

Tools give agents ability to affect the world.

Agent loopReasonLLM plans next stepActcall toolObserveget resultLoop continues until goal met or max iterations reached
Agent execution cycle.
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How it works end to end

Components: LLM (brain), tools (hands), memory (context + long-term), planner (optional explicit).

Autonomy spectrum: fully autonomous → human-in-loop for critical decisions.

Use cases: research, code generation, workflow automation, customer service, personal assistants.