Why it matters
Argon2 is modern password KDF. Understanding shapes crypto.
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The architecture
Memory-hard + time-hard.
Argon2i / Argon2d / Argon2id variants.
Configurable memory + time + parallelism.
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How it works end to end
PHC winner 2015.
Argon2id: side-channel + GPU resistant.
OWASP recommends.
libsodium + libargon2.