Why it matters

LZ4 is modern speed leader. Understanding shapes options.

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The architecture

LZ77 with 4-byte minimum match.

Fixed encoding.

LZ4 fast + LZ4 HC modes.

LZ4 pipelineLZ77 4-byte matchesfast searchFixed encodingbyte-alignedLZ4 vs LZ4 HCspeed vs ratioCollet 2011; Zstd's cousin; used in Linux kernel + databases + more
LZ4 algorithm.
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How it works end to end

Collet 2011.

Linux kernel + Zstd + databases.

LZ4 HC for ratio.