Why it matters
MCTS enables high-branching game play. Understanding shapes game AI.
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The architecture
Selection: descend by UCB.
Expand: add new child.
Simulate: rollout.
Backprop: update stats.
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How it works end to end
UCB1 balances exploit + explore.
Simulation: random or policy-guided.
Terminates on budget.
Return best move at root.