Properties
Unforgeability: only key holder can sign. Verifiability: anyone can check. Non-repudiation: signer can't later deny.
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RSA-PSS
Modern RSA signature with probabilistic salt. Replaces textbook RSA + PKCS#1v1.5 which had vulnerabilities.
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ECDSA
Elliptic curve DSA. Requires random nonce (avoid reuse!). RFC 6979 deterministic k.