Why it matters
Diarization turns transcripts into useful conversation records. Understanding enables meeting and call apps.
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The architecture
Speech embedding: extract voice fingerprint per speaker (x-vector, d-vector).
Clustering: group similar embeddings; each cluster = one speaker.
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How it works end to end
Segmentation: split audio into short segments (0.5-2 sec).
Embedding: extract voice fingerprint.
Clustering: unsupervised — number of speakers detected or specified.
Alignment: assign each ASR word to nearest speaker.
Tools: pyannote.audio (open), AssemblyAI, Deepgram, Rev (commercial).