Gossip protocol
Each node picks 3 peers/sec: seed, random live, random unreachable. Exchange versioned state (endpoint state). Converge in O(log N) rounds.
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Phi accrual detector
Track heartbeat intervals per node. Compute phi = -log₁₀(P(t)). phi > threshold (default 8) → mark DOWN.
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Seed nodes
Bootstrap gossip. Include 2-3 per DC. Not special otherwise — anything after initial contact via general gossip.