Databases

Databases

Postgres internals, isolation levels, replication, pgvector, DuckDB, CDC.

73Articles
73Topics covered
Articles in this category

All 20 articles, sorted alphabetically

Advertisement
ARTICLE · 01

Database Connection Pooling

PgBouncer, pgcat, cloud-native pools. Why pool + how to tune.

Read article
ARTICLE · 02

Bloom filter architecture in LSM engines

Deep-dive on Bloom filters in log-structured merge-tree databases: how a compact bit array and k hash functions answer 'defin…

Read article
ARTICLE · 03

Buffer pool architecture

Deep-dive on database buffer pools: page tables and frames, pin counts and latches, clock sweep and midpoint LRU scan resistance, the WAL-before-data …

Read article
ARTICLE · 04

CDC via logical decoding

Deep-dive on Change Data Capture via logical decoding: WAL-based change streaming, logical decoding of physical records, replication slots and output …

Read article
ARTICLE · 05

Connection pooling architecture

Deep-dive on database connection pooling: why connections are expensive, application pools vs proxy poolers, session vs transaction pooling trade-offs…

Read article
ARTICLE · 06

Database deadlock detection architecture

Deep-dive on deadlock handling in databases: the lock manager and wait-for graph, eager vs lazy cycle detection, victim-selection policies, timeout fa…

Read article
ARTICLE · 07

Group commit architecture

Deep-dive on database group commit: why one fsync per transaction caps throughput at flush latency, how the commit queue and group leader let many com…

Read article
ARTICLE · 08

Hash join architecture

Deep-dive on the hash join: the algorithm that makes equality joins on large, unindexed relations fast by building a hash table on the smaller input a…

Read article
ARTICLE · 09

LSM-tree storage engine architecture

Deep-dive on the Log-Structured Merge tree: WAL-plus-MemTable write path, immutable SSTables with bloom filters and block index, L0/L1..Ln level struc…

Read article
ARTICLE · 10

Materialized views -- precomputed query results

Deep-dive on database materialized views: the expensive-query need, precomputing and storing results, materialized vs regular view (stored vs recomput…

Read article
ARTICLE · 11

MVCC

How MVCC lets readers and writers coexist without locks, and why it powers Postgres, MySQL InnoDB, and Oracle.

Read article
ARTICLE · 12

OLTP vs OLAP Database Architectures in Depth

A 2500-word walkthrough of OLTP row stores vs OLAP column stores, CDC/ETL pipelines, lakehouse architectures, and HTAP alternatives.

Read article
ARTICLE · 13

Database Sharding

How sharding splits data across nodes for scale, sharding key selection, and cross-shard query challenges.

Read article
ARTICLE · 14

Transactional Database Architecture in Depth

A 2500-word walkthrough of transactional DB: MVCC, lock manager, WAL/redo, rollback, isolation levels, 2PC, vacuum, recovery.

Read article
ARTICLE · 15

Two-phase commit architecture

Deep-dive on two-phase commit: the prepare and decide phases, write-ahead logging on coordinator and participants, held locks and the in-doubt window,…

Read article
ARTICLE · 16

Vacuum and bloat architecture

Deep-dive on Postgres vacuum and bloat: why MVCC updates leave dead tuples, the cluster-wide visibility horizon and the idle transactions, replication…

Read article
ARTICLE · 17

Vector Database Architecture in Depth

A 2500-word walkthrough of vector database architecture: embedder, HNSW/IVF/DiskANN indexes, metadata filter, hybrid search, quantization, sharding.

Read article
ARTICLE · 18

Write amplification architecture

Deep-dive on write amplification in LSM storage engines: the WAL/memtable/flush path, leveled vs tiered compaction rewrites, the read/write/space trad…

Read article
ARTICLE · 19

PostgreSQL Indexes

Right index for right query. When each shines.

Read article
ARTICLE · 20

PostgreSQL Logical Replication + CDC

Row-level replication. Selective + cross-version. Debezium base.

Read article