Why it matters

Records dramatically reduce Java DTO boilerplate. Understanding enables modern idiomatic Java.

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The architecture

Declaration: 'record Name(components) {}'.

Auto-generated: canonical constructor, accessors (name() not getName()), equals, hashCode, toString.

Records modelrecord declarationone lineAuto-generatedconstructor + accessors + equalsImmutablefinal by designCompact canonical constructor for validation; static factories for construction
Records structure.
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How it works end to end

Compact constructor: 'public User { if (age < 0) throw ...; }'. Validation without repeating parameters.

Pattern matching integration: 'if (obj instanceof User(String name, int age))' destructures.

Serialization: standard Java serialization works.