Why it matters

K8s runs most enterprise container workloads. Understanding basics is table stakes for infrastructure work.

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The architecture

Pod: smallest deployable unit. One or more containers sharing network + storage.

Deployment: manages replicas of a pod. Rolling updates. Rollback.

Service: stable virtual IP for a set of pods.

K8s core objectsPodcontainer groupDeploymentreplica managerServicestable endpointControllers reconcile desired vs actual state; declarative model
K8s primitives.
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How it works end to end

Cluster: control plane (API server, scheduler, controller-manager, etcd) + nodes (kubelet + containers).

Declarative: define desired state; controllers reconcile.

Namespaces: logical separation for multi-tenancy.

ConfigMap + Secret: configuration and sensitive data.

Ingress: HTTP routing into cluster.