BGE Embeddings Math

Why it matters

BGE is top embedding family. Understanding shapes design.

The architecture

Contrastive pretraining.

Fine-tuning on retrieval data.

BGE-M3: dense + sparse + multi-vector.

How it works end to end

BGE-base + BGE-large + BGE-M3 variants.

Reranker BGE-reranker.

MTEB leaderboard top.