Initial backoff = 1s. Doubles each failure (1, 2, 4, 8, 16…). Add jitter to prevent stampedes.

What you're seeing

Exponential backoff: delay = base × 2^attempt. Without jitter, all clients retry at the same time → stampede. Jitter (random ±50%) spreads retries.

Standard pattern: every long-lived connection client. AWS SDK, retry libraries, browsers all use it.

★ KEY TAKEAWAY
Exponential backoff: delay doubles each retry. Add jitter to prevent thundering-herd reconnects.
▶ WHAT TO TRY
  • Click Start — watch delays double (1s, 2s, 4s, 8s, ...).
  • Click Server recovers mid-backoff — next attempt succeeds.
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